Compared to other forms of cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy, radiation, and even other immunotherapies, NK cell therapy does not cause many side effects. CAR T-cell therapy is a newly developed adoptive cell therapy by genetically engineering T cells to express a CAR comprising intracellular T-cell signaling domains and an extracellular antigen-recognition structure targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), redirecting and activating T cells to eradicate malignant cells specifically 10. In a stem cell transplant, blood-forming stem cells are replaced by infusing new ones into your bloodstream. NK cells are a treatment option for chemotherapy-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Once your cancer is in remission, we may recommend that you have a stem cell transplant (also called a bone marrow transplant), depending on your condition. After the infusion, our doctors will monitor you closely in the following days for side effects and to ensure that your condition is stable before discharging you to go home. The modified T cells are then infused back into your body (usually done over a two-day period for 45 minutes a day). You’ll remain in the hospital during this period, usually for several weeks, while the T cells that were removed from you are genetically modified to recognize the cancer cells and then expanded in number to be effective against the disease. This process is painless - similar to donating blood - but takes several hours.Īfter the T cells have been collected, you’ll receive what is called “salvage” chemotherapy to bring the disease temporarily under control. First, your blood will be run through a specialized machine that extracts T cells and returns the rest of the blood to your body. When NK cells become cancerous, the cancer is called NK or NK/T-cell. We usually only recommend CAR T cell therapy if chemotherapy has not been sufficiently effective and the disease has returned or if you’ve developed resistance to your initial treatment.ĬAR T cell therapy involves several steps. A similar lymphocyte called a natural killer (NK) cell shares many features with T cells. It is also being investigated for the treatment of other cancers, including some solid tumors that appear in the chest. After the gene is inserted, the T cells are infused back into the bloodstream, where they multiply and initiate a variety of immune responses aimed at attacking the cancer cells.ĬAR T cell therapy is used to treat certain kinds of lymphoma, pediatric leukemia, and adult leukemia.
Michel Sadelain, Director of Memorial Sloan Kettering’s Center for Cell Engineering, Renier Brentjens, and Isabelle Rivière, Director of MSK’s Cell Therapy and Cell Engineering Facility, proved that this approach can be effective against some blood cancers and are investigating its use in other cancers.ĬAR T cell therapy involves removing immune cells called T cells from the blood and introducing a new gene into those cells that enables them to recognize the cancer. Our researchers played a pioneering role in developing CAR T cell therapy and demonstrating its safety and effectiveness in patients. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an approach that uses your own immune cells to fight cancer and has shown great promise in treating some types of blood cancers.
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